House Engrossed Senate Bill

 

litigation; financing; consumer protection; enforcement

 

 

 

 

State of Arizona

Senate

Fifty-seventh Legislature

First Regular Session

2025

 

 

 

SENATE BILL 1215

 

 

 

 

AN ACT

 

amending title 12, Arizona Revised Statutes, by adding chapter 28; relating to litigation financing.

 

 

(TEXT OF BILL BEGINS ON NEXT PAGE)

 

Be it enacted by the Legislature of the State of Arizona:

Section 1. Title 12, Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended by adding chapter 28, to read:

CHAPTER 28

LITIGATION FINANCING

ARTICLE 1. GENERAL PROVISIONS

START_STATUTE12-3451. Definitions

In this chapter, unless the context otherwise requires:

1. "Action" means a civil action, administrative proceeding, claim or other cause of action.

2. "FOREIGN COUNTRY OF CONCERN" INCLUDES THE FOLLOWING:

(a) A FOREIGN GOVERNMENT LISTED IN 15 CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS SECTION 791.4.

(b) A COUNTRY DESIGNATED AS A THREAT TO CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE BY THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT OR THE GOVERNOR.

3. "FOREIGN ENTITY OF CONCERN" MEANS A PARTNERSHIP, ASSOCIATION, CORPORATION, ORGANIZATION OR OTHER COMBINATION OF PERSONS that meets any of the following:

(a) is ORGANIZED OR INCORPORATED IN A FOREIGN COUNTRY OF CONCERN.

(b) is OWNED OR CONTROLLED BY THE GOVERNMENT, A POLITICAL SUBDIVISION OR A POLITICAL PARTY OF A FOREIGN COUNTRY OF CONCERN.

(c) has A PRINCIPAL PLACE OF BUSINESS IN A FOREIGN COUNTRY OF CONCERN.

(d) is OWNED, ORGANIZED OR CONTROLLED BY or affiliated with A FOREIGN ORGANIZATION THAT HAS either been:

(i) plACED ON THE FEDERAL OFFICE OF FOREIGN ASSETS CONTROL SPECIALLY DESIGNATED NATIONALS AND BLOCKED PERSONS LIST.

(ii) DESIGNATED BY THE UNITED STATES SECRETARY OF STATE AS A FOREIGN TERRORIST ORGANIZATION.

4. "Licensed health care provider" has the same meaning prescribed in section 12-561.

5. "Litigation financier" means a person that has entered into a litigation financing agreement with a party to an action or counsel of record for a party to an action.

6. "Litigation financing agreement" or "litigation financing" means any agreement CREATING A RIGHT TO RECEIVE PAYMENT BY ANYONE WHICH IS CONTINGENT IN ANY RESPECT ON THE OUTCOME OF AN ACTION OR ON THE OUTCOME OF ANY MATTER WITHIN A PORTFOLIO THAT INCLUDES THE ACTION AND that INVOLVES THE SAME COUNSEL OR AFFILIATED COUNSEL, BUT EXCLUDING the following:

(a) A named party to the action if payments made to the named party are provided exclusively for personal and family use and are provided on condition that they are not to be used for legal filings, legal document preparation and drafting, appeals, creation of a litigation strategy, drafting testimony or other expenses directly related to litigation.

(b) A counsel of record, a law firm of record or any referring counsel for legal services or advancement of legal costs provided by counsel of record, where the services or costs are provided by a legal counsel of record in accordance with the rules of professional conduct adopted by the supreme court.

(c) A person with a preexisting contractual obligation to indemnify or defend a party to the action or a health insurer who has paid or is obligated to pay any sums for health care services rendered to an injured person under the terms of a health insurance policy, plan or agreement.

(d) A financial institution, as defined in section 6-101, for repayment of loans made directly to a party or a party's counsel when repayment of the loan is not contingent on the outcome of an action by settlement, judgment or otherwise or on the outcome of any matter within a portfolio that includes the action and involves the same counsel or affiliated counsel.

(e) Funding that is provided to a nonprofit organization, whether as a party or on behalf of a client or member of the organization, and irrespective of whether the nonprofit organization seeks an award of costs or attorney fees in providing pro bono representation.

(f) funding provided by a nonprofit organization that is exempt from taxation under 501(c)(3) of the United States internal revenue code, by grant or otherwise, to support the pursuit of litigation.

(g) a person providing funding to a medical practice or facility solely for its receivables.

(h) Where there is no right to payment in excess of the funding actually provided. END_STATUTE

START_STATUTE12-3452. Preserving consumer control and recoveries

A. A litigation financier may not direct or make any decisions with respect to the course of any action that is subject to a litigation financing agreement or any settlement or other disposition thereof, including decisions concerning appointing or changing counsel, choice of or use of expert witnesses and litigation strategy. The named party and counsel of record shall retain all rights to control and decision-making with regard to the action.

B. If there has been a prior disclosure of the existence of litigation financing In a class action litigation, the court shall consider the existence of litigation financing and any related conflicts of interest when determining whether a class representative or class counsel would adequately and fairly represent the interests of the class.

C. If there has been a prior disclosure of the existence of litigation financing In multidistrict litigation, the court shall consider the existence of litigation financing and any related conflicts of interest when approving or appointing counsel to leadership positions. For the purposes of this subsection, "leadership positions" means any lead counsel, colead counsel, common benefit counsel, steering committee membership, executive committee membership and other similar positions or roles. END_STATUTE

START_STATUTE12-3453. Prohibited conduct; applicability

a. A litigation financier may not Pay or offer to pay a commission, referral fee or other consideration to legal counsel, a law firm or a licensed health care provider, for referring a person to the litigation financier without disclosing in writing to the potential borrower. The disclosure must be made before entering into the litigation financing agreement and must be SEPARATELY acknowledged and agreed to by the potential borrower, including the amount of the commission, referral fee or other consideration to be paid for the referral on behalf of the borrower.

B. A LITIGATION FINANCIER MAY NOT PROVIDE FUNDING TO OR IN CONNECTION WITH A LITIGATION FINANCING AGREEMENT THAT IS DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY FINANCED BY A FOREIGN ENTITY OF CONCERN.

C. This section applies to class actions and multidistrict litigation. The acknowledgement required by subsection A of this section shall be made by the class representative or the named plaintiffs. END_STATUTE

START_STATUTE12-3454.  Violations; enforcement

A. A litigation financing agreement that is entered into in violation of this chapter is voidable.

B. A litigation financier who knowingly violates section 12-3452 or 12-3453 commits an unlawful practice under section 44-1522.

C. ONLY THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OR PARTIES TO THE LITIGATION FOR WHICH LITIGATION FINANCING HAS BEEN PROVIDED MAY CHALLENGE THE LITIGATION FINANCING AGREEMENT AS UNLAWFUL UNDER SECTION 44-1522.END_STATUTE

Sec. 2. Applicability

This act applies to any civil action, administrative proceeding, claim or cause of action that is commenced on or after the effective date of this act.

Sec. 3. Effective date

This act is effective from and after December 31, 2025.